Battle of Patay 1429 • Late Middle Ages
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Battle of Patay

Late Middle Ages French victory
Historical significance:

Summary

A surprise French attack breaks the English archer formation that had caused heavy losses at Agincourt. French cavalry charges successfully, triggering total rout of the English and capture of several commanders.

Historical context

After the lifting of the siege of Orléans, French troops pursue their offensive against English positions in Burgundy and Normandy. Victory at Patay reinforces Charles VII's legitimacy and opens the way to his coronation at Reims.

Tactics

Exploitation of surprise attack before English archers can take defensive positions. Rapid charge of French cavalry to disorganize and scatter enemy forces.

Consequences

Reversal of the military situation in favor of the French. Loss of several key English commanders. Acceleration of reconquest of French territory occupied by the English.

Location

Place : Patay, Orléanais (France)
Coordinates : 47.868°N, 1.918°E

Related battles

Battle of Orléans

1429

After several months of English siege, Joan of Arc arrives to lift the defenders' morale and organizes a series of attacks aimed at breaking the siege. Tactical superiority, renewed motivation, and coordinated assaults lead to the lifting of the siege on 8 September.

Victory

Battle of Verneuil

1424

The battle pits Franco-Scottish forces against an Anglo-Burgundian army during a French attempt to regain the initiative in the war. Despite fierce resistance, French troops are crushed, suffering a defeat similar to that at Agincourt.

Defeat

Battle of Cravant

1423

The Franco-Scottish army attempts to cross the Yonne at Cravant to regain the initiative in the north. Anglo-Burgundian forces attack while the enemy army is divided by the river. The Scots fight valiantly but are overwhelmed by English archery and combined charges. Complete rout of the Dauphin's troops.

Defeat