Battle of Elchingen
German Campaign (War of the Third Coalition) · Elchingen, Bavaria (Holy Roman Empire)
Summary
The Battle of Elchingen was a crucial engagement in tightening the noose around Ulm. Ney launched a vigorous attack against Austrian forces entrenched on the heights of Elchingen, forcing them to retreat in disorder.
Historical context
As part of the Ulm campaign, French troops sought to prevent any attempt by Austrian forces to withdraw. Capture of the bridge over the Danube at Elchingen was vital to complete the encirclement.
Tactics
At eight o'clock, Villatte's brigade took the Danube bridge after repairs, then attacked the Austrian position at Ober-Elchingen supported by Colbert-Chabanais's cavalry. Dupont blocked Werneck's corps to the northeast while Murat's cavalry pursued Riesch, breaking his squares in the forest.
Consequences
Ney's victory closed the retreat route of Riesch's Austrians toward Ulm, where General Mack was now encircled. The French army recovered much of the artillery intended for Mack; Napoleon later granted Ney the title Duke of Elchingen for this action.