Egyptian Campaign (French Revolutionary Wars)

On 1–2 August 1798 in Aboukir Bay in Egypt, Admiral Nelson destroyed Admiral Brueys's French fleet anchored in line of battle. Thirteen of fifteen French ships were captured or destroyed; Brueys was killed on the Orient which exploded. British victory isolated Bonaparte's army in Egypt and ruined French strategy to threaten the route to India.

On 21 July 1798 (3 Thermidor Year VI), near Embabeh facing the Pyramids of Giza, Bonaparte crushed Murad Bey's Mamluk army. About 25,000 French in square formation repelled charges by 21,000 Mamluk and Ottoman horsemen; victory opened the road to Cairo and symbolized the superiority of disciplined infantry and artillery over Eastern cavalry.

On 25 July 1799, near Aboukir, Napoleon, with about 10,000 men and Murat's cavalry, defeated the Ottoman army of Mustafa Pasha landed by the British fleet, despite initial numerical inferiority.

French victory on 20 March 1800 at Heliopolis (Egypt): Kléber, leading about 15,000 men, repulsed a large Ottoman army through an enveloping manoeuvre in squares. The battle prolonged French occupation of the Nile delta, despite the British naval blockade and the Cairo insurrection.