Battle of Épehy
Summary
The battle of Épehy marked another major Allied advance, notably by French and British forces, in their progress toward the Hindenburg Line. The operation, well prepared and coordinated, allowed breaking several advanced German positions and approaching central defences of the enemy dispositions.
Historical context
In September 1918, the war turned clearly in favour of the Allies. After August successes, Foch coordinated a series of attacks against German defences. Épehy, on the road to the Hindenburg Line, constituted a fortified lock. French troops under General Humbert participated in the operation in support of the British Fourth Army. It was a matter of testing solidity of German lines while maintaining constant pressure.
Tactics
The attack was preceded by several hours of artillery preparation, followed by rapid infantry advance in small dispersed units to avoid German barrage fire. French and British units cooperated in a combined effort, some zones being taken at the bayonet. Absence of resistance as fierce as expected allowed capture of several hundred prisoners. Use of aircraft to adjust artillery fire was also a tactical novelty well exploited.
Consequences
The breakthrough at Épehy considerably weakened outposts of the Hindenburg Line. It contributed to disrupting German defence and accelerated internal discussions on the need for an armistice. It also demonstrated solidity of Franco-British coordination on the ground and growing effectiveness of Allied offensives.