Battle of Baugé 1421 • Late Middle Ages
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Battle of Baugé

Late Middle Ages French victory
Historical significance:

Summary

Taking advantage of an imprudent separation between the English vanguard and its infantry, Scottish troops commanded by John Stewart of Darnley attack the English led by the Duke of Clarence from the flank. The latter dies in combat, triggering panic and English retreat.

Historical context

Henry V leads a second campaign in Normandy. His brother, the Duke of Clarence, marches toward Anjou without waiting for reinforcements. The Franco-Scottish army seizes this error and wins an unexpected victory, restoring hope to the Dauphin's faction.

Tactics

Ambush and coordinated attack by Scottish troops on isolated English cavalry. Exploitation of bocage terrain and absence of English infantry support. Tactical use of the spear and close combat.

Consequences

Great moral victory for the French and Scots. Death of an English royal prince. However, Henry V quickly regains the initiative the following year. Baugé does not stop the English advance but slows its pace.

Location

Place : Baugé, Anjou (France)
Coordinates : 47.555°N, 0.088°W