Capture of Beijing
Summary
On 14 and 15 August 1900, the international expeditionary corps, including a substantial French contingent, assaulted the walls of Beijing to lift the siege of the Western Legation Quarter, attacked by Boxers and the Chinese imperial army. The French actively participated in taking the North Gate and street fighting in the capital. After intense engagements, the city was taken, ending the siege and main Chinese resistance.
Historical context
The Boxer Rebellion aimed to drive foreigners and Christians from China. Major Western powers intervened to rescue their nationals and safeguard their interests. Beijing was the major stake; the legation siege had lasted more than 50 days. Victory marked the triumph of foreign powers and subjugation of the Chinese Empire.
Tactics
The assault was launched simultaneously by several allied columns. The French attacked the northwest walls and advanced through streets under enemy fire. Use of artillery and cavalry support facilitated progress. Combat was intense and marked by hand-to-hand fighting.
Consequences
The capture of Beijing ended the Boxer Rebellion and enabled imposition of the 1901 Protocol, imposing heavy indemnities on China and occupation of several strategic places by foreign powers. French participation strengthened its prestige in Asia.